Wastewater applied to a trickling filter has already passed through a mechanical bar screen. Tfs are designed as aerobic attached growth reactors and have been proven to be suitable for the removal of ammonia nitrogen. One of the big advantages of a trickling filter is that the water can leave with more oxygen than it entered. Trickling filter classification and mechanism engineering. Hochheimer fred wheaton, professor national committee for quality assurance biological resources engineering dept. Recirculation and hydraulic wetting the ability to recirculate flow to the trickling filter can be used to increase oxygen or ensure good wetting of the media.
Organisms that grow in the thin biofilm over the surface of the media oxidize the organic load in the wastewater to carbon. Also called a biofilter, it is a downflow packed bed type of reactor. The oxidation process occurs as the water trickles over the biological film that grows on the media surface. The trickling filter media may be crushed rock, slag, or manufactured material. The trickling filter consists of a cylindrical tank and is filled with a high specific surface area material, such as rocks, gravel, shredded pvc bottles, or special preformed plastic filter media. Expansion of existing plant now under construction. Constructed wetland decentralized wastewater system extended aeration facultative lagoon. A trickling filter is a type of wastewater treatment system. Trickling filteractivated sludge combinations for domestic. Island from 1892 to 1894 constructed a wastewater treatment plant at wayne. Application to army wastewater plants by richard j. Some facilities have developed snail traps to contain and remove snails from trickling filter effluent lines and aeration tanks. In order to ensure good distribution and thorough blending of the filter and secondary effluent, the. Pdf trickling filter and trickling filtersuspended growth process.
A rotating arm distributor arm is provided to evenly distribute sewage. Discharges containing nitrogen can severely damage a water resource and its associated ecosystem. In a trickling filter, the microorganisms used to treat the wastewater are attached, or fixed, to a medium as they contact the wastewater. Construction features of trickling filters filtration. Cost comparison of trickling filtration and activated sludge. In other words the removal of pollutants from wastewater involves both absorption. Construction engineering research laboratoryada199 858 the trickling filter solids contact process. The underdrainage system of trickling filters, consists of v shaped or half round channels, cast in the concrete floor during its construction. Taft water research center this report is submitted in fulfillment of contract no. Conventional trickling filter or ordinary trickling filter. Construction,operation and maintenance of trickling filter. Technologybased effluent limitations 53 the regulation also includes an alternate set of standards that apply to certain facilities employing waste stabilization ponds or trickling filters as the principal process. Packing material used in attached growth processes include rock, gravel, slag, sand, redwood, and a wide range of plastic and other synthetic materials. Introduction to trickling filters and rbcs study guide september 1995 edition.
Upgrading army sewage treatment plant trickling filters. Scholze more than half of the armys wastewater treatment plants use trickling filter technology to provide secondary treatment. Nitrification and denitrification are two suggested processes that. These products include trickling filter biotower, nitrification, etc. Biotreatment of winery wastewater using a hybrid system. As the water migrates through the pores of the filter, organics are aerobically degraded by the biofilm covering the filter material. Different cheap and porous materials such as rocks, lava, coke, gravel, slag, pumice stone. Introduction to trickling filters and rbcs study guide. Discuss the types of waste treated by a trickling filter and a rbc. Trickling filter is a type of waste water treatment process, which is an attached growth process. Nov 03, 2015 trickling filter process advantages in comparison to activated sludge duration.
A high specific surface provides a large area for biofilm formation. This type of system is common to a number of technologies such as rotating. Conventional trickling filter or ordinary trickling. Trickling filter for high efficiency treatment of dairy sewage. Nov 17, 2015 construction,operation and maintenance of trickling filter 1. Trickling filter types and disadavantages in waste water.
Trickling filter plants have been justified by their low initial cost, low operating and maintenance costs, and relative simplicity of operation. Trickling filter nitrification description nitrogen is one of the principal nutrients found in wastewater. Trickling filters trickling filter is an attached growth process i. Trickling filters tfs are used to remove organic matter from. Filter performance and improvement over rock filters. Cost of trickling filter construction or renovation. Explain the purpose served by the media in a trickling filter and on a rbc. Commercial cost reference manuals for estimating guides. Trickling filter technology for treating abattoir wastewater. An introduction to trickling filter wastewater treatment plants. Design of trickling filters sewage treatment sanitary. Similar to the biofilter, the biotrickling filter is a biological odour control with the difference that the sorption of contaminants takes place in a trickling bed instead of a filter bed.
Although the effluent from trickling filter plants of earlier design was of poorer quality than that from activated sludge plants, the performance of trickling filters designed more. The fixed media in trickling water treatments filter may be of rocks, plastic, metal, etc. F 1, recirculation factor or number of effective passes for first stage filter. An example is the building construction cost data published annually by r. It consists of a fixed bed made up of different inert materials. They have the ability to treat a wide variety of nutrient levels. The filter media consists of rocks varying in size from 25100mm. What every operator should know about trickling filters. The remaining floor is given a slope of about 1 in 100 to 1 in 50 during its construction, towards the drains, for the collection of the treated. Trickling filters work on the principle of the attached growth process. Unit 1 process description and classifications of trickling filters.
Coarse aggregate of impervious nature is filled in this tank which acts as filtering media. Types of trickling filters water treatment waste water. The most common filter media of trickling filters i. When the trickling filter is constructed with the top of media or distributor arms at or near grade, with the underdrain system more than 3 feet below grade, or when normal climatic conditions do not include adequate air movement. Mar 24, 2014 what is a trickling filter trickling filter is a type of waste water treatment process, which is an attached growth process.
The high rate filters of modern advancements also function on the same lines and having the same construction detail but with the difference that provision is made in them for recirculation of sewage through the filter by pumping a part of the trickling filter effluent to the primary settling tank or the dosing tank of trickling filter and re. Dodge manual for building construction, published by mcgrawhill, provides similar information. This packing is in its construction similar to the one in a packing scrubber. The purification of sewage is brought about mainly by aerobic bacteria which forms a bacterial film around the particles of filtering media. Rock andor slag filter media depths shall not exceed 10feet and manufactured filter media depths should not exceed the recommendations of the manufacturer. When the trickling filter is constructed with the top of media or distributor arms at. Trickling filters became the dominant secondary treatment process in the u. Research laboratory ada199 858 the trickling filtersolids. F 1 recirculation factor or number of effective passes for second stage filter.
Construction and economics of a pilotfullscale biological. With more than 500 trickling filter installations worldwide, brentwoods media and components have been optimized to guarantee the best performance for any application. R 1 recirculation ratio for the factor stage filter. Trickling water filters water treatment waste water. Presettled wastewater is continuously trickled or sprayed over the filter. Media shall have a minimum depth of 6feet above the underdrains. Learn how the performance of trickling filters will be affected by temperature changes in the wastewater and filter films. Intermediaterate filters intermediate rate filters can be loaded up to 64 kg bod 5100 m 3d 40 lb bod 5cu ftday. Cost of wastewater treatment processes by dorroliver, incorporated david digregorio, project engineer the advanced waste treatment research laboratory robert a. Civil engineering department, college of engineering. It consists of a fixed bed of rocks, coke, gravel, slag, polyurethane foam, sphagnum peat moss, ceramic, or plastic media over which sewage or other wastewater flows downward and causes a layer of microbial slime to grow, covering the bed of media. Intended audience this course is intended for civil and environmental engineers and other design and construction professionals wanting an introduction to the design and operation of trickling wastewater treatment filters. Properly designed systems can handle solids very well. The tf is an aerobic treatment system that utilizes microorganisms attached to a medium to remove organic matter from wastewater.
These microorganisms form a slime growth on the medium known as zoogleal film. The experimental results indicate that the combination of a biological trickling filter and a constructed wetland could effectively treat effluents. R 1, recirculation ratio for the factor stage filter. Trickling filters fell out of favor in the 1970s when the u. A trickling water treatment filter tf, an attached growth system, consists of a fixed bed of highly permeable media on whose surface a mixed population of microorganisms is developed as a slime layer. A trickling filter, is a fixedbed, biological reactor that operates under mostly aerobic conditions. Trickling filter treatment solutions brentwood industries. Pdf the modern trickling filter typically includes the following major. Trickling filters description trickling filters tfs are used to remove organic matter from wastewater. The underdrainage system is provided in the bed to collect the aggregate effluent. An introduction to trickling filter wastewater treatment. In this process the microorganisms responsible for digestion are attached to an inert filter material. What is this secondary treatment fixed film biological treatment a t s gang bang 3. The tank is either rectangular or square if fixed nozzles are used and circular in shape if rotary distributors are used.
A timetested technology, trickling filters offer a simple, costeffective, energyefficient treatment solution. Environmental protection agency issued its definition of secondary treatment standards activated sludge was better able to meet the new standards. Construction categories, components, costs and percent of costs for a 1. This packing material can be rock, gravel, sand and a wide range of plastic and other synthetic materials. Whatsoever type of media may be used, it must be weatherresistant and strong enough. Trickling filter is a widely used aerobic biological treatment system. Application of trickling filter and vertical flow constructed wetland bed to treat. Wastewater treatment plants, provides design theory for trickling filters, as do. Auburn university, page 6 of 8 pdf pages including schematic of packed tower trickling filter. It is then pumped to the distribution assembly, which doses the surface of the filter media. The difference is that it is loaded with a much lower irrigation density. Trickling filter also known as percolating or sprinkling filter is like a well having depth up to.
Those standards are called equivalent to secondary treatment standards. Nitrogen content in wastewater nitrogen exists in many forms in the environment and can enter aquatic systems from either natural or humangenerated sources. As a result, several chemical, physical and biological processes have been used to promote the removal of nitrogen. Pdf construction and economics of a pilotfullscale. A modern trickling filter consists of a bed of highly permeable media to which microorganism are attached and sewage percolates or trickle down and hence the name trickling filter.
983 1193 239 308 143 151 1153 842 901 243 1432 447 737 265 402 3 1309 140 1563 276 1551 38 753 1256 1290 1173 1237 817 1334 1308 624 326 846 1111 560